What is Trochanteric Bursitis or Hip Bursitis?
Written by: Dr. Prash Bremjit
What is Trochanteric Bursitis or Hip Bursitis?
Trochanteric bursitis is a common condition characterized by inflammation of the bursa located at the greater trochanter, the outer part of the hip. The bursa is a small, fluid-filled sac that reduces friction between tissues, such as bone and muscle. When this bursa becomes inflamed, it can cause significant hip pain and discomfort.
Causes of Trochanteric Bursitis
The inflammation leading to trochanteric bursitis can be triggered by various factors:
Weakness or atrophy of the surrounding muscles on the side of the hip
Poor Posture and Changes in Gait: Incorrect posture or walking mechanics can place additional strain on the hip bursa.
Repetitive Stress: Activities like running, cycling, or standing for long periods can irritate the bursa due to repetitive motion or overuse.
Injury: Direct trauma to the hip, such as from a fall or bump, can result in bursa inflammation.
Hip Abnormalities: Structural issues like leg length discrepancies, hip surgeries, or prosthetic implants can increase stress on the bursa.
Medical Conditions: Some conditions can predispose individuals to develop bursitis, such as carrying extra weight, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, or spine disorders
Symptoms
Patients with trochanteric bursitis typically experience:
Pain on the outer side of the hip that may extend to the thigh.
Discomfort when lying on the affected side.
Pain that worsens with activities like walking, climbing stairs, or standing for long periods.
Swelling and tenderness around the hip.
Treatment Options
Managing trochanteric bursitis usually involves several strategies:
Physical Therapy: A crucial component of treatment, physical therapy focuses on stretching and strengthening the muscles around the hip, particularly the hip abductors. Strengthening these muscles can improve stability and reduce the strain on the bursa.
Rest and Activity Modification: Reducing or avoiding activities that exacerbate pain is essential. Low-impact exercises such as swimming or cycling can help maintain fitness without aggravating the condition.
Ice and Heat Therapy: Applying ice packs to the hip can reduce inflammation and pain. Heat therapy can help relax muscles and improve blood flow.
Medications: Anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen or naproxen, can help manage pain and reduce inflammation.
Corticosteroid Injections: In some cases, corticosteroid injections directly into the bursa can provide significant pain relief by reducing inflammation.
Assistive Devices: Using a cane or crutches temporarily can help reduce pressure on the affected hip.
Abductor Muscle Strengthening
Strengthening the hip abductor muscles, such as the gluteus medius, is vital in managing and preventing trochanteric bursitis. Exercises like side leg raises, clamshells, and hip bridges are often recommended. These exercises help improve hip stability and reduce the load on the bursa, promoting healing and preventing recurrence. These can be done independently but will provide the most benefit when properly taught and demonstrated by a Physical Therapist.
Recovery Time
Recovery from trochanteric bursitis varies depending on the severity of the condition and adherence to treatment. Mild cases may resolve within a few weeks with rest and conservative treatment. However, more often it can take several months to fully heal. Consistent physical therapy and gradual return to activity are crucial for a successful recovery and minimizing the risk of recurrence.